CIDR VLSM AS. รศ.ดร. อน นต ผลเพ ม Asso. Prof. Anan Phonphoem, Ph.D.
|
|
- Jack Watkins
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CIDR VLSM AS รศ.ดร. อน นต ผลเพ ม Asso. Prof. Anan Phonphoem, Ph.D. Computer Engineering Department Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand 1
2 Outline Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR) Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) Autonomous System (AS) 2
3 IP Addresses Revisited Potential exhaustion of IPv4 address space (due to inefficiency) Class B is too big Class C is too small (many are available) Growth of back bone routing tables Lots of small networks causes large routing tables Route calculation and management requires high computational overhead 3
4 Classless InterDomain Routing (CIDR) Try to balance two competing effects Address utilization Router complexity CIDR allows routers to break the rigid interpretation of IP address structures Also called Supernet Opposite of Subnet 4
5 Classful & Classless addressing A B C Classful 128 networks x 16M hosts 16K networks x 64K hosts 2M networks x 256 hosts Obsolete inefficient depletion of B space too many routes from C space Classless Hosts Prefix Classful 2 /31 4 /30 8 /29 16 /28 32 /27 64 / / / C /20 16 C 8192 /19 32 C /18 64 C / C /16 1 B Best Current Practice 5
6 Prefix Length 6
7 CIDR Example What is the first address in the block if one of the addresses is /27? Solution Address in binary: Keep the left 27 bits: Result in CIDR notation: /27 7
8 Supernetting: CIDR Enable network number to be any length (No Class) Collapse multiple addresses assigned to a single AS to one address All routers must understand CIDR addressing Need both Address and Mask (prefix and suffix) Slash notation ( /20) Some prefixes are reserved for private add. 10/8, /12, /16, /16 These are not routable in the Internet 8
9 Example of CIDR Consider an ISP providing IP connection to a number of private companies If IP addresses for companies are carefully selected a border router needs only advertise one aggregated route for all companies Company A Advertise Route Company B ISP Company C 9
10 Example of CIDR (Supernetting) If ISP needs 16 class C addresses make them contiguous Eg to enables a 20-bit network number
11 Example of CIDR Without CIDR With CIDR /20 Boarder Gateway
12 Aggregation Some pairs of consecutive prefixes Example: routes within the same AS: AS has 2 address blocks: /24 = / /24 = /24 Can announce /23 12
13 CIDR: Longest prefix match Because prefixes of arbitrary length allowed, overlapping prefixes can exist. Example: router hears /16 from one neighbor and /24 from another neighbor / /24 Router forwards packet according to most specific forwarding information, called longest prefix match Packet with destination will be forwarded using /24 entry. Packet with destination will be forwarded using /16 entry 13
14 CIDR: Longest prefix match Implicit ordering in the routing table longer prefixes higher up the table So, the first match is the right one Explicit route to directly attached host a netmask of
15 VLSM 15
16 VLSM Variable-length subnet mask Classful allows only one subnet in a network > one subnet in an autonomous system Maximizing the use of address (Subnet Zero) Subnetting a Subnet Routing Protocol that supports VLSM OSPF, Integrated IS-IS, EIGRP, RIPv2, and static routing 16
17 Subnet with VLSM /24 17
18 Regular Subnet /24 7 subnets; The largest subnet needs 60+1 hosts If 3 bits for subnet (8 subnets) 5 bits for host (32 hosts) If 6 bits for host (64 hosts) 2 bits for subnet (4 subnets) 18
19 Subnet with VLSM Select the biggest first / / / / / / / /27 Perth KL 19
20 Subnet with VLSM / / /28 Sydney Singapore / / / / /30... Perth KL Sydney KL Singapore KL 20
21 Final: Subnet with VLSM 21
22 Example II 250 Stations /20 CPE IE EE 700 Stations 500 Stations 100 Stations 22
23 250 Stations Solution CPE IE EE / / / / / / / / Hosts 510 Hosts 700 Stations 500 Stations 100 Stations The largest subnet needs 701 hosts 10 bits for host (1024 hosts) / / / / / / Hosts 126 Hosts / / / /30 2 Hosts
24 Final Solution / Stations /20 CPE /30 IE /30 EE 700 Stations 500 Stations 100 Stations / / /25 24
25 Quiz /18 A 15 hosts B C D E hosts hosts 80 hosts 550 hosts hosts 25
26 Notes for CIDR CIDR was actually intended as a quick fix Solve addressing crisis until IPv6 was deployed Unfortunately, CIDR has been widely adopted IPv6 deployment has proven to be very, very slow CIDR is currently deployed However, IPv6 is not compatible with IPv4 Generates a big migration problem 26
27 Growth in Routing Table Size Pre-CIDR ( ): Steep Growth Rate Jennifer Rexford, Internet Routing (COS 598A) 27
28 Growth in Routing Table Size CIDR Deployment ( ): Much Flatter Jennifer Rexford, Internet Routing (COS 598A) 28
29 Autonomous System (AS) A single network domain Grouping of computers/routers Operate in isolation from other groups A single network administrative entity 29
30 Autonomous System (AS) Need protocols for distribute routing information in the AS Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs) Intradomain routing algorithms Between AS Need interdomain routing algorithms Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGPs) More complex task 30
31 Autonomous System (AS) AS 5 AS 1 Autonomous System Boarder router (ASBR) Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP Link) Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP Link) AS 20 AS 7 This is the Internet! 31
32 Types of AS Stub AS Only has a single connection to one other AS only carries local traffic Multihomed AS Connect to more than one other AS But will not carry transit traffic Transit AS Connect to more than one other AS Can carry both local and transi traffic 32
33 Transit vs. Nontransit AS Transit traffic = traffic whose source and destination are outside the AS Nontransit AS: does not carry transit traffic Advertise own routes only Do not propagate routes learned from other AS s Transit AS: does carry transit traffic Advertises its own routes PLUS routes learned from other AS s r1 ISP1 r3 ISP2 r1 ISP1 r3 ISP2 r2 r1 r3 r2 r2,r3 r1 r3 r2,r1 r2 AS1 r2 AS1 33
VLSM and CIDR. Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 6. Version Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
VLSM and CIDR Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 6 Version 4.0 1 Objectives Compare and contrast classful and classless IP addressing. Review VLSM and explain the benefits of classless IP addressing.
More informationTop-Down Network Design, Ch. 7: Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols. Top-Down Network Design. Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols
Top-Down Network Design Chapter Seven Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols Copyright 2010 Cisco Press & Priscilla Oppenheimer 1 Switching 2 Page 1 Objectives MAC address table Describe the features
More informationIP addressing. Overview. IP addressing Issues and solution Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM)
Overview IP addressing IP addressing Issues and solution Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) Written exercise : VLSM calculation Summarisation of routes Classless InterDomain routing (CIDR) Internet registry
More informationCCE1030 Computer Networking
CCE1030 Computer Networking Lecture 19 Subnetting CIDR / VLSM Usama Arusi January 2018 CCE1030 Usama Arusi 1 Lecture Content Introduction Classful IP Addressing Classful Addressing Structure Classless
More informationBasic Idea. Routing. Example. Routing by the Network
Basic Idea Routing Routing table at each router/gateway When IP packet comes, destination address checked with routing table to find next hop address Questions: Route by host or by network? Routing table:
More informationRouting by the Network
Routing Basic Idea Routing table at each router/gateway When IP packet comes, destination address checked with routing table to find next hop address Questions: Route by host or by network? Routing table:
More informationChapter 7: Routing Dynamically. Routing & Switching
Chapter 7: Routing Dynamically Routing & Switching The Evolution of Dynamic Routing Protocols Dynamic routing protocols used in networks since the late 1980s Newer versions support the communication based
More informationThis appendix contains supplementary Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) information and covers the following topics:
Appendix C BGP Supplement This appendix contains supplementary Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) information and covers the following topics: BGP Route Summarization Redistribution with IGPs Communities Route
More informationCHAPTER 4: ROUTING DYNAMIC. Routing & Switching
CHAPTER 4: ROUTING DYNAMIC Routing & Switching CHAPTER4 4.1 Dynamic Routing Protocols 4.2 Distance Vector Dynamic Routing 4.3 RIP and RIPng Routing 4.4 Link-State Dynamic Routing 4.5 The Routing Table
More informationChapter 4: VLSM and Classless Inter Domain Routing. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 4: VLSM and Classless Inter Domain Routing 1 What will we Learn from chapter 4? Compare and contrast classful and classless IP addressing. Review VLSM and explain the benefits of classless IP addressing.
More informationshortcut Tap into learning NOW! Visit for a complete list of Short Cuts. Your Short Cut to Knowledge
shortcut Your Short Cut to Knowledge The following is an excerpt from a Short Cut published by one of the Pearson Education imprints. Short Cuts are short, concise, PDF documents designed specifically
More informationComputer Networks and Data Systems
Computer Networks and Data Systems Internet Protocol (IP) Addressing TDC463 Winter 2011/12 John Kristoff - DePaul University 1 Why have addresses at layer 3? Aren't there already globally unique addresses
More informationChapter 3. Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols. CCNA2-1 Chapter 3
Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols CCNA2-1 Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols CCNA2-2 Chapter 3 Perspective and Background Dynamic
More informationSubnet Design and IP Addressing
Subnet Design and IP Addressing Asst. Prof. Chaiporn Jaikaeo, Ph.D. chaiporn.j@ku.ac.th http://www.cpe.ku.ac.th/~cpj Computer Engineering Department Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand Adapted from
More informationIntroduction to exterior routing. Autonomous Systems
Introduction to exterior routing CIDR1 Autonomous Systems An Autonomous System (AS) is a part of the Internet owned by a single organization. In an AS, usually one interior routing protocol is used e.g.
More informationCollege of DuPage. CCNA3 V3.0 Switching Basics and Intermediate Routing: Module 1: Introduction to Classless Routing
College of DuPage CCNA3 V3.0 Switching Basics and Intermediate Routing: Module 1: Introduction to Classless Routing 3-2004 1 Overview With the phenomenal growth of the Internet and TCP/IP, virtually every
More informationPlanning for Information Network
Planning for Information Network Lecture 8: Network Routing Protocols Assistant Teacher Samraa Adnan Al-Asadi 1 Routing protocol features There are many ways to characterize routing protocols, including
More informationComputer Networks ICS 651. IP Routing RIP OSPF BGP MPLS Internet Control Message Protocol IP Path MTU Discovery
Computer Networks ICS 651 IP Routing RIP OSPF BGP MPLS Internet Control Message Protocol IP Path MTU Discovery Routing Information Protocol DV modified with split horizon and poisoned reverse distance
More informationC14b: Classless Intradomain Routing
CISC 7332X T6 C14b: Classless Intradomain Routing Hui Chen Department of Computer & Information Science CUNY Brooklyn College 11/27/2018 CUNY Brooklyn College 1 Acknowledgements Some pictures used in this
More informationChapter 6. Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) CCNA2-1 Chapter 6
Chapter 6 Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) CCNA2-1 Chapter 6 VLSM and CIDR Classful and Classless Addressing CCNA2-2 Chapter 6 Classful and Classless Routing
More informationTop-Down Network Design
Top-Down Network Design Chapter Six Designing Models for Addressing and Naming Copyright 2010 Cisco Press & Priscilla Oppenheimer Guidelines for Addressing and Naming Use a structured model for addressing
More informationModule 4. Planning the Addressing Structure
Module 4 Planning the Addressing Structure Name 4.1.1 1. How many bits are in an IP address? 2. What is dotted decimal notation? 3. What is the parent part of an IP address? 4. What is the child part of
More informationChapter 6 Reading Organizer
Name Date Chapter 6 Reading Organizer After completion of this chapter, you should be able to: Describe and plan a network using OSPF Design and configure a network using single-area OSPF Work with multi-protocol
More informationComputer Networks and Data Systems
Computer Networks and Data Systems Network Addressing TDC463 Fall 2017 John Kristoff - DePaul University 1 Why have addresses at layer 3? Aren't there already globally unique addresses at L2? If not, should
More informationInterdomain Routing Reading: Sections P&D 4.3.{3,4}
Interdomain Routing Reading: Sections P&D 4.3.{3,4} EE122: Intro to Communication Networks Fall 2006 (MW 4:00-5:30 in Donner 155) Vern Paxson TAs: Dilip Antony Joseph and Sukun Kim http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/
More informationSmall additions by Dr. Enis Karaarslan, Purdue - Aaron Jarvis (Network Engineer)
Routing Basics 1 Small additions by Dr. Enis Karaarslan, 2014 Purdue - Aaron Jarvis (Network Engineer) Routing Concepts IPv4 Routing Forwarding Some definitions Policy options Routing Protocols 3 IPv4
More informationWhy dynamic route? (1)
Routing Why dynamic route? (1) Static route is ok only when Network is small There is a single connection point to other network No redundant route 2 Why dynamic route? (2) Dynamic Routing Routers update
More informationRouting Basics ISP/IXP Workshops
Routing Basics ISP/IXP Workshops 1 Routing Concepts IPv4 Routing Forwarding Some definitions Policy options Routing Protocols 2 IPv4 Internet uses IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long range from 1.0.0.0 to
More informationCS4450. Computer Networks: Architecture and Protocols. Lecture 15 BGP. Spring 2018 Rachit Agarwal
CS4450 Computer Networks: Architecture and Protocols Lecture 15 BGP Spring 2018 Rachit Agarwal Autonomous System (AS) or Domain Region of a network under a single administrative entity Border Routers Interior
More informationRouting in Internet. Problem. Given set of nodes, how do routers acquire info about neighbors to construct the routing tables?
Routing in Internet 88lecture4.ppt Pasi Lassila Problem Given set of nodes, how do routers acquire info about neighbors to construct the routing tables? Requirements: distributed algorithms surviving link
More informationBasics of communication. Grundlagen der Rechnernetze Introduction 31
Basics of communication Grundlagen der Rechnernetze Introduction 31 Types of communication H9 H8 H1 H7 R1 N3 H2 N1 R3 H3 R2 N2 H6 H5 H4 Unicast communication where a piece of information is sent from one
More informationRIP Version 2. The Classless Brother
RIP Version 2 The Classless Brother (C) Herbert Haas 2005/03/11 1 Why RIPv2 Need for subnet information and VLSM Need for Next Hop addresses for each route entry Need for external route tags Need for multicast
More informationChapter 5. Subnetting/Supernetting and Classless Addressing
Chapter 5 Subnetting/Supernetting and Classless Addressing Outline Subnetting Supernernetting Classless addressing 5.1 SUBNETTING Subnetting IP addresses are designed with two level of hierarchy Two levels
More informationInternetworking: Global Internet and MPLS. Hui Chen, Ph.D. Dept. of Engineering & Computer Science Virginia State University Petersburg, VA 23806
Internetworking: Global Internet and MPLS Hui Chen, Ph.D. Dept. of Engineering & Computer Science Virginia State University Petersburg, VA 23806 10/19/2016 CSCI 445 Fall 2016 1 Acknowledgements Some pictures
More informationRouting Basics. Routing Concepts. IPv4. IPv4 address format. A day in a life of a router. What does a router do? IPv4 Routing
Routing Concepts IPv4 Routing Routing Basics ISP/IXP Workshops Forwarding Some definitions Policy options Routing Protocols 1 2 IPv4 IPv4 address format Internet uses IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long range
More informationTDC 563 Protocols and Techniques for Data Networks
TDC 563 Protocols and Techniques for Data Networks Network Addressing TDC563 Autumn 2015/16 John Kristoff - DePaul University 1 Why have addresses at layer 3? Aren't there already globally unique addresses
More informationAntonio Cianfrani. Routing Protocols
Antonio Cianfrani Routing Protocols Routing protocols A routing protocol provides a communication channel among routers to exchange reachability information about networks Routing tables are properly configured
More informationRouting Basics ISP/IXP Workshops
Routing Basics ISP/IXP Workshops 1 Routing Concepts IPv4 Routing Forwarding Some definitions Policy options Routing Protocols 2 IPv4 Internet uses IPv4 addresses are 32 bits long range from 1.0.0.0 to
More informationMost important (cont d) What s most important in Project 1. Important for individuals. From from Most Important
What s most important in Project 1 Most important (cont d) gain some experience with the techniques of protocol implementation Learn to design timeouts and resending Peer to peer interface and protocol
More informationChapter 18 and 22. IPv4 Address. Data Communications and Networking
University of Human Development College of Science and Technology Department of Information Technology Chapter 18 and 22 Data Communications and Networking IPv4 Address 1 Lecture Outline IPv4 Addressing
More informationCOMP/ELEC 429 Introduction to Computer Networks
COMP/ELEC 429 Introduction to Computer Networks Lecture 11: Inter-domain routing Slides used with permissions from Edward W. Knightly, T. S. Eugene Ng, Ion Stoica, Hui Zhang T. S. Eugene Ng eugeneng at
More informationEE 122: Inter-domain routing Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
EE 122: Inter-domain routing Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Ion Stoica October 2, 2002 (* this presentation is based on Lakshmi Subramanian s slides) Big Picture Large ISP Large ISP St u b D i al - U p
More informationIPv4 (Part III) รศ.ดร. อน นต ผลเพ ม Asso. Prof. Anan Phonphoem, Ph.D. Nov 2010
Nov 2010 IPv4 (Part III) รศ.ดร. อน นต ผลเพ ม Asso. Prof. Anan Phonphoem, Ph.D. anan.p@ku.ac.th http://www.cpe.ku.ac.th/~anan Computer Engineering Department Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand 1 Outline
More informationTDC 363 Introduction to LANs
TDC 363 Introduction to LANs Routing Protocols and RIP Greg Brewster DePaul University TDC 363 1 Dynamic Routing Routing Protocols Distance Vector vs. Link State Protocols RIPv1 & RIPv2 RIP Problems Slow
More informationChapter 18. Introduction to Network Layer
Chapter 18. Introduction to Network Layer 18.1 Network Layer Services 18.2 Packet Switching 18.3 Network Layer Performance 18.4 IPv4 Addresses 18.5 Forwarding of IP Packets Computer Networks 18-1 Communication
More informationFIGURE 3. Two-Level Internet Address Structure. FIGURE 4. Principle Classful IP Address Formats
Classful IP Addressing When IP was first standardized in September 1981, the specification required that each system attached to an IP-based Internet be assigned a unique, 32-bit Internet address value.
More informationCS4700/CS5700 Fundamentals of Computer Networks
CS4700/CS5700 Fundamentals of Computer Networks Lecture 12: Inter-domain routing Slides used with permissions from Edward W. Knightly, T. S. Eugene Ng, Ion Stoica, Hui Zhang Alan Mislove amislove at ccs.neu.edu
More information12 Advanced IP Addressing
12 Advanced IP Addressing CERTIFICATION OBJECTIVES 12.01 Variable-Length Subnet Masking 12.02 Route Summarization Q&A Two-Minute Drill Self Test 2 Chapter 12: Advanced IP Addressing In Chapter 11, you
More informationIntroduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols
Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols 1 Objectives Describe the role of dynamic routing protocols and place these protocols in the context of modern network design. Identify several ways to classify
More informationCOMP 631: NETWORKED & DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 9/6/16 COMP 631: NETWORKED & DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS. IP Addressing. Jasleen Kaur. Fall 2016
COMP 631: NETWORKED & DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS IP Addressing Jasleen Kaur Fall 2016 1 How to Deal With Heterogeneity & Scale? Requirements from IP addressing: Should be globally unique Should facilitate easy
More informationSCALABLE INTERNET ROUTING
CS 4/55231 Internet Engineering Kent State University Dept. of Computer Science LECT-7 SCALABLE ROUTING 1 2 Scalability Basic Subnetting & Subnet Masks The management of global resource is a complex task.
More informationRouting Protocols and
Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocol Routing Protocols and Concepts Chapter 3 1 Objectives Describe the role of dynamic routing protocols and place these protocols in the context of modern network
More informationBuilding the Routing Table. Introducing the Routing Table Directly Connected Networks Static Routing Dynamic Routing Routing Table Principles
Building the Routing Table Introducing the Routing Table Directly Connected Networks Static Routing Dynamic Routing Routing Table Principles Introducing the Routing Table R1# show ip route Codes: C - connected,
More informationRouting & Protocols 1
Routing & Protocols 1 Paul Traina cisco Engineering 2 Today's Talk Terminology Routing Static Routes Interior Gateway Protocols Exterior Gateway Protocols Building an ISP network 3 Terminology network
More informationEITF25 Internet Techniques and Applications L7: Internet. Stefan Höst
EITF25 Internet Techniques and Applications L7: Internet Stefan Höst What is Internet? Internet consists of a number of networks that exchange data according to traffic agreements. All networks in Internet
More informationSubnetting/Supernetting and Classless Addressing
Subnetting/Supernetting and Classless Addressing CONTENTS SUBNETTING SUPERNETTING CLASSLESS ADDRSSING 5.1 SUBNETTING IP addresses are designed with two levels of hierarchy. Figure 5-1 A network with two
More informationBorder Gateway Protocol
39 CHAPTER Chapter Goals Understand the purpose of the. Explain BGP attributes and their use in route selection. Examine the BGP route selection process. Introduction The (BGP) is an interautonomous system
More information5. Classless and Subnet Address Extensions 최양희서울대학교컴퓨터공학부
5. Classless and Subnet Address Extensions 최양희서울대학교컴퓨터공학부 1 Introduction In the original IP addressing scheme, each physical network is assigned a unique network address Individual sites can have the freedom
More informationEECS 122, Lecture 17. The Distributed Update Algorithm (DUAL) Optimization Criteria. DUAL Data Structures. Selecting Among Neighbors.
EECS 122, Lecture 17 Kevin Fall kfall@cs.berkeley.edu edu The Distributed Update Algorithm (DUAL) J.J. Garcia-Luna Luna-Aceves [SIGCOMM 89] Aims at removing transient loops in both DV and LS routing protocols
More informationInterdomain Routing Reading: Sections K&R EE122: Intro to Communication Networks Fall 2007 (WF 4:00-5:30 in Cory 277)
Interdomain Routing Reading: Sections K&R 4.6.3 EE122: Intro to Communication Networks Fall 2007 (WF 4:00-5:30 in Cory 277) Guest Lecture by Brighten Godfrey Instructor: Vern Paxson TAs: Lisa Fowler, Daniel
More informationIntroduction to Routing
1 Introduction to Routing Session 2 Presentation_ID.scr 1 Agenda Addressing Concepts Routing Protocols Statics and Defaults 3 ISO OSI Reference Model Routing Information Protocol (RIP and RIPv2) L7 L6
More informationRouting Concepts. IPv4 Routing Forwarding Some definitions Policy options Routing Protocols
Routing Basics 1 Routing Concepts IPv4 Routing Forwarding Some definitions Policy options Routing Protocols 2 IPv4 Internet uses IPv4 Addresses are 32 bits long Range from 1.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255 0.0.0.0
More informationTop-Down Network Design
Top-Down Network Design Chapter Seven Selecting Switching and Routing Protocols Original slides by Cisco Press & Priscilla Oppenheimer Selection Criteria for Switching and Routing Protocols Network traffic
More informationLecture 4 The Network Layer. Antonio Cianfrani DIET Department Networking Group netlab.uniroma1.it
Lecture 4 The Network Layer Antonio Cianfrani DIET Department Networking Group netlab.uniroma1.it Network layer functions Transport packet from sending to receiving hosts Network layer protocols in every
More informationCS 457 Networking and the Internet. The Global Internet (Then) The Global Internet (And Now) 10/4/16. Fall 2016
CS 457 Networking and the Internet Fall 2016 The Global Internet (Then) The tree structure of the Internet in 1990 The Global Internet (And Now) A simple multi-provider Internet 1 The Global Internet Some
More informationRouting Basics. ISP Workshops. Last updated 10 th December 2015
Routing Basics ISP Workshops Last updated 10 th December 2015 1 Routing Concepts p IPv4 & IPv6 p Routing p Forwarding p Some definitions p Policy options p Routing Protocols 2 IPv4 p Internet still uses
More informationRouting, Routing Algorithms & Protocols
Routing, Routing Algorithms & Protocols Computer Networks Lecture 6 http://goo.gl/pze5o8 Circuit-Switched and Packet-Switched WANs 2 Circuit-Switched Networks Older (evolved from telephone networks), a
More informationRouting. Routing. Overview. Overview. Routing vs. Forwarding. Why Routing
Routing Dr. Arjan Durresi Department of Computer Science Louisiana State University Overview Routing vs. Forwarding Routing Algorithms, Distance Vector, Link State Dijkstra s Algorithm ARPAnet Routing
More informationRouting Protocols of IGP. Koji OKAMURA Kyushu University, Japan
Routing Protocols of IGP Koji OKAMURA Kyushu University, Japan Routing Protocol AS (Autonomous System) Is operated autonomous in the organization. 6bit IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) Routing Control inside
More informationA few notes. The following slides are NOT from the online curriculum. However, they do cover the same topics using different examples.
Objectives This module explores the evolution and extension of IPv4, including the key scalability features that engineers have added to it over the years: Subnetting Classless interdomain routing (CIDR)
More informationCMSC 417. Computer Networks Prof. Ashok K Agrawala Ashok Agrawala October 9, 2018 (a) October 18 October 9,
CMSC 417 Computer Networks Prof. Ashok K Agrawala 2018 Ashok Agrawala October 9, 2018 (a) October 18 October 9, 2018 1 host Message, Segment, Packet, and Frame host HTTP HTTP message HTTP TCP TCP segment
More information1 Connectionless Routing
UCSD DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE CS123a Computer Networking, IP Addressing and Neighbor Routing In these we quickly give an overview of IP addressing and Neighbor Routing. Routing consists of: IP addressing
More informationInter-domain Routing. Outline. Border Gateway Protocol
Inter-domain Routing Outline Border Gateway Protocol Internet Structure Original idea CS 640 2 Internet Structure Today CS 640 3 Route Propagation in the Internet Autonomous System (AS) corresponds to
More informationRouting Protocol comparison
Routing Protocol comparison Introduction to routing Networks allow people to communicate, collaborate, and interact in many ways. Networks are used to access web pages, talk using IP telephones, participate
More informationNetwork Layer: Logical Addressing
Network Layer: Logical Addressing Introduction The network layer is responsible for the delivery of individual packets from source to the destination host Logical Addressing A universal addressing system
More informationABR (Area Border Router), 206, 216 access, dedicated networks, 23 access layer, three-layer hierarchical design model, 6
1358_fmi.book Page 460 Thursday, May 27, 2004 2:21 PM A ABR (Area Border Router), 206, 216 access, dedicated networks, 23 access layer, three-layer hierarchical design model, 6 access lists, scalable networks,
More informationChapter 3 Internetworking
Chapter 3 Internetworking Basic Internetworking (IP) (cont d) Datagram forwarding in IP Every datagram contains the IP address of the destination host If directly connected to destination network, then
More informationCommunication at the network layer is host-to-host Length of address. Total number of addresses used by the protocol. IPv4 & IPv6
Communication at the network layer is host-to-host Length of address Space adresses (2 length ) Total number of addresses used by the protocol IPv4 & IPv6 IPv4 ADDRESSES Defines the connection of a device
More information6.829 BGP Recitation. Rob Beverly September 29, Addressing and Assignment
6.829 BGP Recitation Rob Beverly September 29, 2006 Addressing and Assignment 1 Area-Routing Review Why does Internet Scale? Hierarchical Addressing How are addresses assigned? Classfull
More informationAl-Mustansiriyah University Fourth Year ( )
What subnet and broadcast address is IP address 172.16.10.33, 255.255.255.224 (/27) a member of? Answer: The interesting octet is the fourth octet. 256-224=32 block size. Because 32+32=64 and 33 is between
More informationInterdomain routing CSCI 466: Networks Keith Vertanen Fall 2011
Interdomain routing CSCI 466: Networks Keith Vertanen Fall 2011 Overview Business relationships between ASes Interdomain routing using BGP Advertisements Routing policy Integration with intradomain routing
More informationChapter 4 Reading Organizer
Name Date Chapter 4 Reading Organizer After completion of this chapter, you should be able to: 4.1 Analyze the features and benefits of a hierarchical IP addressing structure. Plan and implement a VLSM
More informationSEMESTER 2 Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols V 4.0
SEMESTER 2 Chapter 3 Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols V 4.0 3.1.1 What are the four routing RIP, RIPv2, EIGRP, OSPFv2 protocols that are the focus of this course? 3.1.1.2 What are routing protocols?
More informationIntroduction to IP Routing. Geoff Huston
Introduction to IP Routing Geoff Huston Routing How do packets get from A to B in the Internet? A Internet B Connectionless Forwarding Each router (switch) makes a LOCAL decision to forward the packet
More informationIP Addressing & Interdomain Routing. Next Topic
IP Addressing & Interdomain Routing Next Topic IP Addressing Hierarchy (prefixes, class A, B, C, subnets) Interdomain routing Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical Scalability
More informationInterdomain Routing. EE122 Fall 2011 Scott Shenker
Interdomain Routing EE122 Fall 2011 Scott Shenker http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/ Materials with thanks to Jennifer Rexford, Ion Stoica, Vern Paxson and other colleagues at Princeton and UC Berkeley
More informationConnecting to a Service Provider Using External BGP
Connecting to a Service Provider Using External BGP First Published: May 2, 2005 Last Updated: August 21, 2007 This module describes configuration tasks that will enable your Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
More informationThe most simple way to accelerate a Router is at 9.8 m/sec/sec.
Routing Introduction Direct vs. Indirect Delivery Static vs. Dynamic Routing Distance Vector vs. Link State (C) Herbert Haas 2005/03/11 The most simple way to accelerate a Router is at 9.8 m/sec/sec. Seen
More informationOverview 4.2: Routing
Overview 4.2: Routing Forwarding vs Routing forwarding: to select an output port based on destination address and routing table routing: process by which routing table is built Network as a Graph A 6 1
More informationChapter 7 Routing Protocols
Chapter 7 Routing Protocols Nonroutable Protocols In the early days of networking, networks were small collections of computers linked together For the purposes of sharing information and expensive peripherals
More informationBasic IP Routing. Finding Feature Information. Information About Basic IP Routing. Variable-Length Subnet Masks
This module describes how to configure basic IP routing. The Internet Protocol (IP) is a network layer (Layer 3) protocol that contains addressing information and some control information that enables
More informationRouting Dynamically. 3.0 Routing Dynamically. Chapter Introduction Class Activity How Much Does This Cost?
Chapter 3 Routing Dynamically 3.0 Routing Dynamically 3.0.1.1 Introduction The data networks that we use in our everyday lives to learn, play, and work range from small, local networks to large, global
More informationStatic Routing and Serial interfaces. 1 st semester
Static Routing and Serial interfaces 1 st semester 1439-2017 Outline Static Routing Implementation Configure Static and Default Routes Review of CIDR Configure Summary and Floating Static Routes Troubleshoot
More informationChapter 4: Advanced Internetworking. Networking CS 3470, Section 1
Chapter 4: Advanced Internetworking Networking CS 3470, Section 1 Intra-AS and Inter-AS Routing a C C.b b d A A.a a b A.c c B.a a B c Gateways: perform inter-as routing amongst themselves b perform intra-as
More informationBasic IP Routing. Finding Feature Information. Information About Basic IP Routing. Variable-Length Subnet Masks
This module describes how to configure basic IP routing. The Internet Protocol (IP) is a network layer (Layer 3) protocol that contains addressing information and some control information that enables
More informationChapter 4: Manipulating Routing
: Manipulating Routing Updates CCNP ROUTE: Implementing IP Routing ROUTE v6 1 Objectives Describe network performance issues and ways to control routing updates and traffic (3). Describe the purpose of
More information5.7 K E Y TE R M S 5.8 SUM M A R Y
C H A P T E R 5 I P V 4 A D D RE SSE S 153 5.7 K E Y TE R M S address aggregation address space binary notation block of addresses class A address class B address class C address class D address class
More informationIntroduction. Keith Barker, CCIE #6783. YouTube - Keith6783.
Understanding, Implementing and troubleshooting BGP 01 Introduction http:// Instructor Introduction Keith Barker, CCIE #6783 CCIE Routing and Switching 2001 CCIE Security 2003 kbarker@ine.com YouTube -
More informationRouting Architecture. Objectives. Module 2 Routing Fundamentals. Author: Rolf Augstein January 2006
Routing Architecture Module 2 Routing Fundamentals Basic Problems Principles, Classification Operation Author: Rolf Augstein raugstein@rolfaugstein.com January 2006 Feel free to use this publication for
More informationChapter 5 RIP version 1
Cisco CCNA 2 Exploration - Routing Chapter 5 RIP version 1 João José jjose@ualg.pt http://w3.ualg.pt/~jjose/cisco/ Based on: Graziani, R. (2008) CIS 82 Routing Theory and Concepts RIPv1: A Distance Vector,
More information